The effectiveness of dispersed nanomaterials to improve the thermal performance of phase change materials (PCMs) is well-proven in the literature. The proposal of new engineered nanoenhanced phase change materials (NePCMs) with customized characteristics may lead to more efficient thermal energy storage (TES) systems. This work is focused on the development of new NePCMs based on the dispersions of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) or MgO nanoparticles in a stearate PCM. The new proposed materials were synthesized using a two-step method, and acetic acid was selected as a surfactant to improve the stability of the dispersions. An extensive characterization of the constitutive materials and the developed dispersions using different spectroscopy techniques is reported. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd9291.html Also, the GnP nanopowder was explored by using the XPS technique with the aim to characterize the used carbon nanomaterial. The obtained spectra were investigated in terms of the chemical bonds related to the observed peaks. The thermophysical profile (density, thermal conductivity, isobaric heat capacity, and thermal diffusivity) was experimentally determined once the main components of the NePCMs were characterized and dispersions were designed and developed. This discussion focuses on the differentiated and distinguished effects of the dispersed GnPs and MgO on the properties of the NePCMs. A comprehensive analysis of the measurements to elucidate the mechanism that promoted higher improvements using GnPs instead of MgO was performed.Our present understanding of surface dissolution of nuclear fuels such as uranium dioxide (UO2) is limited by the use of nonlocal characterization techniques. Here we discuss the use of state-of-the-art scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to reveal atomic-scale changes occurring to a UO2 thin film subjected to anoxic dissolution in deionized water. No amorphization of the UO2 film surface during dissolution is observed, and dissolution occurs preferentially at surface reactive sites that present as surface pits which increase in size as the dissolution proceeds. Using a combination of STEM imaging modes, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS), we investigate structural defects and oxygen passivation of the surface that originates from the filling of the octahedral interstitial site in the center of the unit cells and its associated lattice contraction. Taken together, our results reveal complex pathways for both the dissolution and infiltration of solutions into UO2 surfaces.A novel sulfated tin oxide solid superacid granular stacked one-dimensional (1D) hollow nanofiber (SO42-/FSnO2) is proposed as a nanofiller in sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (SPPESK) to manipulate a highly conductive proton nanochannel. It has unique microstructures with an open-end hollow nanofibric morphology and grain-stacked single-layer mesoporous fiber wall, which greatly enlarge the specific surface area and aspect ratio. The diverse acid sites, that is, SO42-, Sn-OH Brönsted, and Sn4+ Lewis superacids, provide a high concentration of strong acidic proton carriers on the nanofiber surface and dynamically abundant hydrogen bonds for rapid proton transfer and interfacial interactions with -SO3H groups in the SPPESK along the 1D hollow nanofiber. As a result, long-range orientated ionic clusters are observed in the SO42-/FSnO2 incorporated membrane, leading to simultaneous enhancement of proton conductivity (226.7 mS/cm at 80 °C), mechanical stability (31.4 MPa for the hydrated membrane), fuel permeation resistance, and single-cell performance (936.5 and 147.3 mW/cm2 for H2/O2 and direct methanol fuel cells, respectively). The superior performance, as compared with that of the zero-dimensional nanoparticle-incorporated membrane, Nafion 115, and previously reported SPPESK-based membranes, suggests a great potential of elaborating superstructural 1D hollow nanofillers for highly conductive proton-exchange membranes.In this work, a series of AuPNR6 - 50 aerogels with different percentages of 110 facets (from ?12 to 36%) were controllably prepared and then used to investigate their performance (specific activity and long-term stability) toward ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR), in which PNR represents the particle number ratio of 6 nm Au NPs to 50 nm Au NPs. It is found that their specific activity and long-term stability highly depend on the sum of the percentage of the 100 and 111 facets and the percentage of 110 facets, respectively. In addition, Au246 - 50 aerogels with the highest percentage of 110 facets can possess excellent long-term stability (retaining about 95% of the initial current) but still have excellent specific activity (about 90.42 mA cm-2). Thus, the specific activity and long-time stability of AuPNR6 - 50 aerogels toward EGOR can be well balanced by controlling the proper percentage of 110 facets on their surfaces. Therefore, the successful fabrication of AuPNR6 - 50 aerogels with greatly improved long-term stability and excellent specific activity not only provides a novel method for the design of electrocatalysts but also would boost the commercial development of direct ethylene glycol fuel cells.Electric double layer (EDL) gating using a single-ion conductor is compared to a dual-ion conductor using both finite element modeling and Hall-effect measurements. Modified Nernst-Planck Poisson (mNPP) equations are used to calculate the ion density per unit area in a parallel plate capacitor geometry with a bulk ion concentration of 215 ? cbulk ? 1782 mol/m3. With electrodes of equal size at a 2 V potential difference, the EDL ion density of the single-ion conductor is ?7 × 1013 ions/cm2, which is approximately 50% of the ion density induced in the dual-ion conductor. However, this difference is reduced to 8% when the electrode at which the cationic EDL forms is 10 times smaller than the counter electrode. Thus, for a field-effect transistor gated by a single-ion conductor, it is especially important to have a large gate-to-channel size ratio to achieve strong ion doping. The modeled ion densities are validated by Hall-effect measurements on graphene Hall bars gated by a polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based single-ion conductor.